The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing “rogue organ”
composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells …

Modern medicine has been waging a war on cancer for nearly a century with no tangible
end in sight. Cancer treatments have significantly progressed, but the need to increase …

Abstract Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of multiple targets,
slight side effects and good therapeutic effects. Good anti-tumor effects are shown by …

It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment.
Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial …

Mammalian development demands precision. Millions of molecules must be properly
located in temporal order, and their function regulated, to orchestrate important steps in cell …

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process in which cells composing
epithelial tissue lose requirements for physical contact with neighboring cells and acquire …

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes. However,
due to its complex pathological mechanisms, no effective therapeutic methods (other than …

Metastatic progression combined with non-responsiveness towards systemic therapy often
shapes the course of disease for cancer patients and commonly determines its lethal …

Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide and metastasis is a major cause of poor
prognosis and cancer-associated mortality. Metastatic conversion of cancer cells is a …

c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family
members integrate signals that affect proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration in a …