The spleen is the largest secondary lymphoid organ in the body and, as such, hosts a wide
range of immunologic functions alongside its roles in hematopoiesis and red blood cell …

Microbial infections are recognized by the innate immune system both to elicit immediate
defense and to generate long-lasting adaptive immunity. To detect and respond to vastly …

Listeria monocytogenes is a saprophytic gram-positive bacterium, and an opportunistic
foodborne pathogen that can produce listeriosis in humans and animals. It has evolved an …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in activating innate immune cells and initiating
adaptive immune responses. The functions of DCs were originally obscured by their overlap …

Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) form a critical interface between innate and adaptive
immunity. As myeloid immune cell sentinels, cDCs are specialized in the sensing of …

Dendritic cells (DCs) form a remarkable cellular network that shapes adaptive immune
responses according to peripheral cues. After four decades of research, we now know that …

Kupffer cells, the phagocytes of fetal origin that line the liver sinusoids, are key contributors
of host defense against enteroinvasive bacteria. Here, we found that infection by Listeria …

Intestinal fungi are an important component of the microbiota, and recent studies have
unveiled their potential in modulating host immune homeostasis and inflammatory disease …

The transcription factors Batf3 and IRF8 are required for the development of CD8α+
conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), but the basis for their actions has remained unclear …

INTRODUCTION Secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) is made by intestinal plasma cells and
has roles both in protection from gut pathogens and in maintaining homeostasis of intestinal …