Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been extensively investigated for decades for tumor
treatment because of its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal selectivity, lower side-effects, and …

Pyroptosis is the process of inflammatory cell death. The primary function of pyroptosis is to
induce strong inflammatory responses that defend the host against microbe infection …

The demise of cells in various ways enables the body to clear unwanted cells. Studies over
the years revealed distinctive molecular mechanisms and functional consequences of …

The rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in an unprecedented …

Plasma membrane rupture (PMR) is the final cataclysmic event in lytic cell death. PMR
releases intracellular molecules known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of
the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Alongside investigations into …

Apoptosis is a sequential order of cell death occurring regularly to ensure a homeostatic
balance between the rate of cell formation and cell death. However, a misplaced of this …

Few human pathogens have been the focus of as much concentrated worldwide attention as
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of COVID-19. Its …

The gasdermins are a family of recently identified pore-forming effector proteins that cause
membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis, a lytic pro-inflammatory type of cell death …

Currently there is no effective antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection, which frequently
leads to fatal inflammatory responses and acute lung injury. Here, we discuss the various …