Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) refers to the infiltration of cancer cells into the
leptomeningeal compartment. Leptomeninges are the two membranous layers, called the …

Herniated disc fragments' migration to posterior epidural locations is a very rare pathological
condition, and the mechanism is not well understood. Posterior epidural migration may lead …

Epidural fat is commonly discarded during spine surgery to increase the operational field.
However, mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) have now been identified in human …

Spontaneous cervical epidural hematoma is an uncommon cause of acute spinal cord
compression. This is a rare idiopathic condition that leads to acute onset of neurologic …

Objective: Rare disease Background: Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis) is a gram-positive
bacterium and component of the oral microbiota that can rarely cause opportunistic infection …

History A 49-year-old man presented with right foot drop, bilateral cruralgia mainly on the left
side, and genital and perianal hypoesthesia, which started suddenly 12 days before. After …

Mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) have been recently identified in human and murine
epidural fat and have been hypothesized to contribute to the maintenance/repair …

Background Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) have been widely used in managing spinal
pain. Dexamethasone has recently emerged as a useful drug in this setting, relative to …

Metastatic epidural spinal cord compression develops in 5–10% of patients with cancer and
is becoming more common as advancement in cancer treatment prolongs survival in …

Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) is blood accumulation between the dura mater of the
spinal canal and the bone of the vertebrae. It is estimated to be an extremely rare incidence …