In crowding, the perception of a target strongly deteriorates when neighboring elements are
presented. Crowding is usually assumed to have the following characteristics.(a) Crowding …

In everyday life, we are constantly surrounded by complex and cluttered scenes. In such
cluttered environments, visual perception is primarily limited by crowding, the deleterious …

Visual sensitivity varies across the visual field in several characteristic ways. For example,
sensitivity declines sharply in peripheral (vs. foveal) vision and is typically worse in the …

In peripheral vision, objects in clutter are difficult to identify. The exact cause of this
“crowding” effect is unclear. To perceive coherent shapes in clutter, the visual system must …

Purpose.: During development, the presence of strabismus and anisometropia frequently
leads to amblyopia, a visual disorder characterized by interocular acuity differences …

Crowding—the deleterious influence of clutter on object recognition—disrupts the
identification of visual features as diverse as orientation, motion, and color. It is unclear …

In crowding, perception of a target deteriorates in the presence of nearby flankers.
Surprisingly, perception can be rescued from crowding if additional flankers are added …

The role of visual shape processing in skilled reading is an understudied topic. This study
focused on the role of visual and visual association skills in a type of skilled reading, music …

Visual crowding—the deleterious influence of nearby objects on object recognition—is
considered to be a major bottleneck for object recognition in cluttered environments …

To cope with the complexity of vision, most models in neuroscience and computer vision are
of hierarchical and feedforward nature. Low-level vision, such as edge and motion detection …