Cellular cytotoxicity, the ability to kill other cells, is an important effector mechanism of the
immune system to combat viral infections and cancer. Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer …

The process of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is generally characterized by distinct
morphological characteristics and energy-dependent biochemical mechanisms. Apoptosis is …

About half of human genes use alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (ApA) to generate
messenger RNA transcripts that differ in the length of their 3′ untranslated regions (3 …

Although the fetal immune system is considered tolerogenic, preterm infants can suffer from
severe intestinal inflammation, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Here, we …

To live or to die? This crucial question eloquently reflects the dual role of Ca2+ in living
organisms–survival factor or ruthless killer. It has long been known that Ca2+ signals govern …

BDNF/TrkB neurotrophic signaling regulates neuronal development, differentiation, and
survival, and deficient BDNF/TrkB activity underlies neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's …

Viral infection triggers innate immune sensors to produce type I interferon. However,
infection of T cells and macrophages with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not trip …

The granzymes are cell death–inducing enzymes, stored in the cytotoxic granules of
cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, that are released during granule exocytosis …

We analyzed global gene expression patterns of 91 human hepatocellular carcinomas
(HCCs) to define the molecular characteristics of the tumors and to test the prognostic value …

Necrotic cell death was long regarded as the ultimate consequence of chemical toxicity and
was thought to result from simple cell failure because of toxic interference with vital cell …