Systematic reviews, which were developed to improve policy-making and clinical decision-
making, answer an empirical question based on a minimally biased appraisal of all the …

The COVID-19 pandemic has helped to clarify the fair and equitable allocation of scarce
medical resources, both within and among countries. The ethical allocation of such …

High quality protocols facilitate proper conduct, reporting, and external review of clinical
trials. However, the completeness of trial protocols is often inadequate. To help improve the …

Research with human subjects 1 exemplifies the perennial conflict between the good of the
individual and the good of society. Policies and procedures that protect the rights and …

The foundations of research ethics are riven with fault lines emanating from a fear that if
research is too closely connected to weighty social purposes an imperative to advance the …

This paper introduces the term “structural coercion” to underscore the ways in which broader
social, economic, and political contexts act upon individuals to compel them to enroll as …

Importance Developing more and better diagnostic and therapeutic tools for central nervous
system disorders is an ethical imperative. Human research with neural devices is important …

Background Public health surveillance is not ethically neutral and yet, ethics guidance and
training for surveillance programmes is sparse. Development of ethics guidance should be …

Background Freedom of conscience is a core element of human rights respected by most
European countries. It allows abortion through the inclusion of a conscience clause, which …

Background In the last years, there has been an increase in publication of systematic
reviews of normative (“argument-based”) literature or of normative information (such as …