Despite an initial focus on negative threatening stimuli, researchers have more recently
expanded the investigation of attentional biases toward positive rewarding stimuli. The …

Reward contains separable psychological components of learning, incentive motivation and
pleasure. Most computational models have focused only on the learning component of …

Objectives: The purpose of this article is to critically evaluate the following claims derived
from contemporary theoretical models of attentional bias (AB) for food-and drug-related …

Individuals have difficulty controlling their food consumption, which is due in part to the
ubiquity of tempting food cues in the environment. Individual differences in the propensity to …

When exposed to the sights, sounds, smells and/or places that have been associated with
rewards, such as food or drugs, some individuals have difficulty resisting the temptation to …

Mindfulness is increasingly being used for weight management. However, the strength of the
evidence for such an approach is unclear; although mindfulness-based weight management …

Theoretical models suggest that food-related visual attentional bias (AB) may be related to
appetitive motivational states and individual differences in body weight; however, findings in …

In recent years, a growing number of academic researchers, as well as many marketing and
design practitioners, have uncovered a variety of factors that would appear to enhance the …

There is increasing evidence for important roles of key cognitive processes, including
attention, memory and learning, in the short-term decision making about eating. There is …

Simple Summary Good animal welfare requires minimizing suffering and promoting positive
experiences. To achieve this, we need reliable indicators of animals' psychological states. In …