Most pharmaceuticals are given using short-acting formulations that require frequent
administration, which can negatively affect patient compliance and increase failure risks …

Biologics—medications derived from a biological source—are increasingly used as
pharmaceuticals, for example, as vaccines. Biologics are usually produced in bacterial …

Throughout history, oral administration has been regarded as the most convenient mode of
drug delivery, as it requires minimal expertise and invasiveness. Although oral delivery …

Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are recognized as very popular carriers to increase the
bioavailability and bio-distribution of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Among different …

Over the past few decades, long acting injectable (LAI) depots of polylactide-co-glycolide
(PLGA) or polylactic acid (PLA) based microspheres have been developed for controlled …

While vaccination remains the most cost effective strategy for disease prevention,
communicable diseases persist as the second leading cause of death worldwide. There is a …

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) is one of the most successfully developed
biodegradable polymers. Among the different polymers developed to formulate polymeric …

Throughout the last decade, interventions to engineer the immune system called
immunotherapy have revolutionized the fields of oncology and autoimmune disease …

Design and synthesis of efficient drug delivery systems are of vital importance for medicine
and healthcare. Materials innovation and nanotechnology have synergistically fueled the …

Drug delivery systems are widely researched and developed to improve the delivery of
pharmaceutical compounds and molecules. The last few decades have seen a marked …