Immune responses play an important role in various reproductive processes, including
ovulation, menstruation and parturition. Clearly, during pregnancy, when the mother must …

Apoptosis is important for normal placental development, but it may also be involved in the
pathophysiology of pregnancy-related diseases. Normal placental development is …

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine whether preeclampsia and intrauterine
growth retardation are associated with an increase in placental apoptosis. Study Design …

purpose. The immunogenic characterization of amniotic membrane is still unknown. This
study was designed to examine the immunogenicity of human amniotic membrane, by using …

Villous trophoblast in the human placenta consists of a population of proliferating stem cells
which differentiate and individually fuse into the syncytiotrophoblast. We studied the …

Control of antifetal immune responses is thought to be regulated locally by the placenta.
Because the physiologic programming of the placenta across gestation is likely to influence …

Since the invading trophoblast represents a semi‐allograft, it should be rejected by the
mother. It has, therefore, been postulated that during normal pregnancy the trophoblast …

Multiple stem cell types can be isolated from the human placenta. Recent advances in stem
cell biology have revealed that human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC s) are one of the …

In this paper, we briefly survey the history of concepts in reproductive immunology from
antibody-mediated tolerance to the 'fetal allograft'to the current concept of an embryo …

A number of important changes take place in the maternal uterine vasculature during the first
few weeks of pregnancy resulting in increased blood flow to the intervillous space. Vascular …