Since the introduction of insulin almost a century ago, more than 80 peptide drugs have
reached the market for a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis …

With the development of modern chemistry and biology, non-proteinogenic amino acids
(NPAAs) have become a powerful tool for developing peptide-based drug candidates. Drug …

N‐Methylation is one of the simplest chemical modifications often occurring in peptides and
proteins of prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes. Over years of evolution, nature has …

Freestanding nonproteinogenic amino acids have long been recognized for their
antimetabolite properties and tendency to be uncovered to reactive functionalities by the …

Chiral amines represent a prominent functional group in pharmaceuticals and
agrochemicals and are hence attractive targets for asymmetric synthesis. Since the …

There is a great demand for the discovery of new therapeutic molecules that combine the
high specificity and affinity of biologic drugs with the bioavailability and lower cost of small …

Proteins are made from 19 aa and, curiously, one N-alkylamino acid (“imino acid”), proline
(Pro). Pro is thought to be incorporated by the translation apparatus at the same rate as the …

The origins and evolution of the ribosome, 3–4 billion years ago, remain imprinted in the
biochemistry of extant life and in the structure of the ribosome. Processes of ribosomal RNA …

Macrocyclic peptides are an emerging class of therapeutics that can modulate protein–
protein interactions. In contrast to the heavily automated high-throughput screening systems …

Covering: up to July 2008 Ribosomally synthesized bacterial natural products rival the
nonribosomal peptides in their structural and functional diversity. The last decade has seen …