A drawback of the current mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) COVID-19 vaccines is that they
have to be stored at (ultra) low temperatures. Understanding the root cause of the instability …

The ubiquity of aqueous solutions in contact with charged surfaces and the realization that
the molecular-level details of water–surface interactions often determine interfacial functions …

RNA-based therapies, including RNA molecules as drugs and RNA-targeted small
molecules, offer unique opportunities to expand the range of therapeutic targets. Various …

Abstract The Adaptive Poisson–Boltzmann Solver (APBS) software was developed to solve
the equations of continuum electrostatics for large biomolecular assemblages that have …

Charged and polar groups, through forming ion pairs, hydrogen bonds, and other less
specific electrostatic interactions, impart important properties to proteins. Modulation of the …

RNAs fold into 3D structures that range from simple helical elements to complex tertiary
structures and quaternary ribonucleoprotein assemblies. The functions of many regulatory …

Abstract Poly (ADP-ribosyl) ation (PARylation) is posttranslational modification of proteins by
linear or branched chains of ADP-ribose units, originating from NAD+. The central enzyme …

With both catalytic and genetic functions, ribonucleic acid (RNA) is perhaps the most
pluripotent chemical species in molecular biology, and its functions are intimately linked to …

DNA nanotechnology has seen large developments over the last 30 years through the
combination of solid phase synthesis and the discovery of DNA nanostructures. Solid phase …

Nucleic acids have been among the first targets for antitumor drugs and antibiotics. With the
unveiling of new biological roles in regulation of gene expression, specific DNA and RNA …