Although Escherichia coli can be an innocuous resident of the gastrointestinal tract, it also
has the pathogenic capacity to cause significant diarrheal and extraintestinal diseases …

Gram-negative bacteria possess an outer membrane layer which constrains uptake and
secretion of solutes and polypeptides. To overcome this barrier, bacteria have developed …

Gastric cancer, one of the most common malignancies in the world, frequently reveals lymph
node, peritoneum, and liver metastases. Most of gastric cancer patients present with lymph …

Serine proteases exist in eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms and have emerged during
evolution as the most abundant and functionally diverse group. In Gram-negative bacteria …

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) cause
significant morbidity and mortality worldwide (18, 60, 63). Though these E. coli pathotypes …

The two membranes of Gram-negative bacteria contain protein machines that have a
general function in their assembly. To interact with the extra-cellular milieu, Gram-negatives …

Autotransporters are widely distributed among Gram-negative bacteria. They can have a
large variety of functions and many of them have a role in virulence. They are synthesized as …

abstract This review covers enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and
enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) infections, focusing on differences in their virulence …

Serine Protease Autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) constitute a large family
of proteases secreted by Escherichia coli and Shigella. SPATEs exhibit two distinct …

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a commonly encountered chronic functional
gastrointestinal (GI) disorder. Approximately 10% of IBS patients can trace the onset of their …