Chronic pain is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by sensory, cognitive,
and affective symptoms. Over the past 2 decades, researchers have made significant …

Chronic pain (pain lasting for> 3 months) decreases patient quality of life and even
occupational abilities. It can be controlled by treatment, but often persists even after …

Advances in neuroimaging have permitted the non-invasive examination of the human brain
in pain. However, a persisting challenge is in the objective differentiation of neuropathic …

Chronic pain patients frequently report memory and concentration difficulties. Objective
testing in this population points to poor performance on memory and cognitive tests, and …

It has been shown that kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists, such as nor-
binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), have antinociceptive effects in some pain models that affect the …

Purpose Previous researches have reported gray and white matter microalterations in
primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with neurovascular compression (NVC). The central …

Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common neuropathic pain involving the craniofacial region.
Due to the complex pathophysiology, it is therapeutically difficult to manage. Noradrenaline …

Objectives Previous studies have established the role of the cortico‐mesolimbic and
descending pain modulation systems in chronic pain prediction. Mild traumatic brain injury …

Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome characterized by
paroxysmal unilateral shock-like pains in the trigeminal territory most frequently attributed to …

Objectives Brain structural and functional abnormalities have been separately reported in
patients with classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN). However, whether and how the functional …