Background Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of public health concern,
because of their ubiquitous and extremely persistent occurrence, and depending on their …

Calcium (Ca2+) is a unique mineral that serves as both a nutrient and a signal in all
eukaryotes. To maintain Ca2+ homeostasis for both nutrition and signaling purposes, the …

The ATP–adenosine pathway functions as a key modulator of innate and adaptive immunity
within the tumour microenvironment. Consequently, multiple clinical strategies are being …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is of paramount importance to immunity. Regulated
increases in cytosolic and organellar Ca2+ concentrations in lymphocytes control complex …

According to the widely accepted" three Es" model, the host immune system eliminates
malignant cell precursors and contains microscopic neoplasms in a dynamic equilibrium …

Ions play a vital role in regulating various biological processes, including metabolic and
immune homeostasis, which involves tumorigenesis and therapy. Thus, the perturbation of …

Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential signaling molecule that controls a wide range of biological
functions. In the immune system, calcium signals play a central role in a variety of cellular …

Process of inflammation and complex interactions between immune and cancer cells within
tumor microenvironment are known to drive and shape the outcome of the neoplastic …

Host immunity recognizes and eliminates most early tumor cells, yet immunological
checkpoints, exemplified by CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, pose a significant obstacle to …

Calcium (Ca 2+) signals play fundamental roles in immune cell function. The main sources
of Ca 2+ influx in mammalian lymphocytes following antigen receptor stimulation are Ca 2+ …