Sleep plays an important role in maintaining neuronal circuitry, signalling and helps
maintain overall health and wellbeing. Sleep deprivation (SD) disturbs the circadian …

Curcumin is widely consumed in Asia either as turmeric directly or as one of the culinary
ingredients in food recipes. The benefits of curcumin in different organ systems have been …

Dendritic spines are small protrusions from the dendrite membrane, where contact with
neighboring axons is formed in order to receive synaptic input. Changes in size, shape, and …

Trimethylamine lyases are expressed in a wide range of intestinal microbiota which
metabolize dietary nutrients like choline, betaine, and L-carnitine to form trimethylamine …

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) injury occurs when blood flow is restored in the brain,
causing secondary damage to the ischemic tissues. Previous studies have shown that …

Phosphodiesterases (PDE) are a diverse family of enzymes (11 isoforms so far identified)
responsible for the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) comprise the principal cellular
mechanisms that fulfill established criteria for the physiological correlates of learning and …

Sleep is an essential physiological function that sustains human life. Sleep disorders involve
problems with the quality, duration, and abnormal behaviour of sleep. Insomnia is the most …

Memory impairments are associated with many brain disorders such as autism, Alzheimer's
disease, and depression. Forming memories involves modifications of synaptic transmission …

Major depressive disorder is a complex disease resulting from aberrant synaptic plasticity
that may be caused by abnormal serotonergic signaling. Using a combination of behavioral …