The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) system signals via protein kinase receptors and
SMAD mediators to regulate a large number of biological processes. Alterations of the TGF …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling pathways are ubiquitous and
essential regulators of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a ubiquitous and essential regulator of cellular
and physiologic processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, cell survival …

TGF-β binding to the cell surface triggers activation of multiple signal transduction pathways
that are connected in intricate ways with each other, and with other response networks …

TGF-β signaling regulates tumorigenesis and in human cancer its signaling pathways are
often modified during tumor progression. Prior to initiation and early during progression TGF …

Abstract The Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) has been established to
conduct combined case-control analyses with augmented statistical power to try to confirm …

There is evidence that transforming growth factor (TGF) β acts as a suppressor of tumor
initiation but also as a promoter of tumor progression when the antiproliferative effect of the …

The transforming growth factor (TGF) βs are polypeptides within a superfamily of ligands that
includes the TGFβs, activins, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). TGFβ ligands play a …

In 1999, Genes and Immunity published a systematic review and on-line database of
cytokine gene polymorphism in human disease, 1 and in 2001 a supplement to the review …

The contribution of transforming growth factor (TGF) β to breast cancer has been studied
from a myriad perspectives since seminal studies more than two decades ago. Although the …