Introduction: The measurement of Arterio-Venous (AV) Fistula Recirculation has important
diagnostic implications because the efficiency of haemodialysis (HD) may be limited …

Objective: The arterial needle placement in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) can either be
antegrade (in the direction of blood flow or pointing towards the heart) or retrograde (against …

Recirculation is an important issue in haemodialysis (HD) patients as increased percent
recirculation causes decreased dialysis delivery of the patients. The purpose of the study …

Introduction It is important to monitor vascular access in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney
disease receiving hemodialysis. Access recirculation can help to detect a need for …

The evidence supporting the use of monitoring in the prediction of AVF failure is
predominantly observational, underpowered and more than 20 years old. Access …

Background Early detection of vascular access complication prevents more severe
conditions and reduces hospitalization periods of patients on regular hemodialysis (HD) …

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a spectrum of various pathophysiologic processes
associated with abnormal kidney function and progressive reduction in the glomerular …

Approximately 660,000 Americans are being treated for kidney failure or end stage renal
disease annually. Access recirculation can happen to any patient, varying from treatment to …

Recirculation in haemodialysis patients is an important factor as it is a correctable cause of
under dialysis. This study was a cross sectional study done in the department of Nephrology …

Background: Arteriovenous fistula stenosis and access recirculation in hemodialysis
represent critical challenges, influencing the efficiency of vascular access and dialysis …