Lignin is the most abundant aromatic polymer in nature. Due to its high amount of phenolic
compounds storage, lignin is considered as an alternative source for various polymers and …

Lignocellulosic biomass has been considered as one of the most promising feedstocks for
production of the second-generation biofuels and biochemicals without food and fuel …

Biofuel has emerged as an alternative source of energy to reduce the emissions of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and combat global warming. Biofuels are classified …

Due to increasing anthropogenic activities, especially industry and transport, the fossil fuel
demand and consumption have increased proportionally, causing serious environmental …

The lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundantly perennial available natural
resources for green energy production. The heterogenous organic and inorganic composite …

Until recently, most of energy and industrially produced chemicals were derived from fossil
fuel-based resources. This along with the continued depletion of finite fossil resources and …

Catalytic conversion of renewable biomass to “green” chemicals and fuel additives has been
extensively investigated in the past few decades. Interests on two top platform intermediates …

Cellulose is the most abundant polysaccharide on earth. It has a large number of desirable
properties. Its low toxicity makes it more useful for a variety of applications. Nowadays, its …

Bioethanol is an attractive biofuel having potential for energy security and environmental
safety over fossil fuels. To date, numerous biomass resources have been investigated for …

The fast-growing consumer demand drives industrial process intensification, which
subsequently creates a significant amount of waste. These products are discharged into the …