Healthy democratic polities feature competing visions of a good society but also require
some level of cooperation and institutional trust. Democracy is at risk when citizens become …

Polarization in the United States and around the world is of growing concern. Polarization is
about more than just differences in opinions in society. It occurs when groups increasingly …

Affective polarization has become a defining feature of twenty-first-century US politics, but
we do not know how it relates to citizens' policy opinions. Answering this question has …

Political scientists, pundits, and citizens worry that America is entering a new period of
violent partisan conflict. Provocative survey data show that a large share of Americans …

Scholars warn that affective polarization undermines democratic norms and accountability.
They speculate that if citizens were less affectively polarized, they would be less likely to …

Scholars, policy makers, and the general public have expressed growing concern about the
possibility of large-scale political violence in the United States. Prior research substantiates …

Americans today are affectively polarized: they dislike and distrust those from the opposing
political party more than they did in the past, with damaging consequences for their …

We are witnessing increasing partisan polarization across the world. It is often argued that
partisan “echo chambers” are one of the drivers of both policy and affective polarization. In …

Partisan Americans like members of their own party more than members of the opposing
party. Scholars often interpret this as evidence that party identity or loyalty influence …

Many blame partisan news media for polarization in America. This paper examines the
effects of liberal, conservative, and centrist news on affective and attitude polarization. To …