Effective treatment delivery in photodynamic therapy (PDT) requires coordination of the light
source, the photosensitizer, and the delivery device appropriate to the target tissue. Lasers …

Tissue mimicking materials (TMMs), typically contained within phantoms, have been used
for many decades in both imaging and therapeutic applications. This review investigates the …

The extension of in vivo optical imaging for disease screening and image-guided surgical
interventions requires brightly emitting, tissue-specific materials that optically transmit …

Annual deaths in the US attributed to diabetes are expected to increase from 280,210 in
2015 to 385,840 in 2030. The increase in the number of people affected by diabetes has …

Double-network (DN) gels have drawn much attention as an innovative material having both
high water content (ca. 90 wt%) and high mechanical strength and toughness. DN gels are …

Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) has witnessed very rapid growth over the last
decade, owing to its unique capabilities for imaging optical properties and chromophores …

This paper provides an overview of the principles and theory of measuring optical properties
of biological materials. It then presents the instrumentation and data analysis procedures for …

Dynamic optical coherence elastography is used to determine in vivo skin biomechanical
properties based on mechanical surface wave propagation. Quantitative Young's moduli are …

Background For many applications in research, material development and testing, physical
skin models are preferable to the use of human skin, because more reliable and …

Due to the highly inhomogeneous distributions of refractive indexes, light propagation in
complex media such as biological tissue experiences multiple light scattering events. The …