The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

In the past decade, membraneless assemblies known as biomolecular condensates have
been reported to play key roles in many cellular functions by compartmentalizing specific …

Proteins and nucleic acids can phase-separate in the cell to form concentrated biomolecular
condensates,,–. The functions of condensates span many length scales: they modulate …

Components of transcriptional machinery are selectively partitioned into specific
condensates, often mediated by protein disorder, yet we know little about how this specificity …

Biomolecular condensates are found throughout eukaryotic cells, including in the nucleus, in
the cytoplasm and on membranes. They are also implicated in a wide range of cellular …

Various physics-and data-driven sequence-dependent protein coarse-grained models have
been developed to study biomolecular phase separation and elucidate the dominant …

Prion-like low-complexity domains (PLCDs) have distinctive sequence grammars that
determine their driving forces for phase separation. Here we uncover the physicochemical …

Many biomolecular condensates appear to form via spontaneous or driven processes that
have the hallmarks of intracellular phase transitions. This suggests that a common …

Protein aggregation is the main hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Many proteins
found in pathological inclusions are known to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation, a …

Nuclear processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and RNA processing each
depend on the concerted action of many different protein and RNA molecules. How …