Ozone trends in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) remain highly
uncertain because of sharp spatial gradients and high variability caused by competing …

Ozone trend estimates have shown large uncertainties in the upper troposphere–lower
stratosphere (UTLS) region despite multi-decadal observations available from ground …

The radiative energy budget in the Arctic undergoes a rapid transformation compared to
global mean changes. Understanding the role of cirrus in this system is vital, as they interact …

Age of stratospheric air is a concept commonly used to evaluate transport timescales in
atmospheric models. The mean age can be derived from observations of a single long-lived …

Inorganic chlorine (Cly) is the sum of the degradation products of long-lived chlorinated
source gases. These include the reservoir species (HCl and ClONO2) and active chlorine …