Over the last 30 years, many laboratories have examined, in parallel, the feeding behaviour
of gastropod molluscs and the properties of the nervous system that give rise to this …

Sensory cells that detect mechanical forces usually have one or more specialized cilia.
These mechanosensory cells underlie hearing, proprioception or gravity sensation. To date …

The Aplysia multifunctional feeding central pattern generator (CPG) produces at least two
types of motor programs, ingestion and egestion, that involve two sets of radula movements …

Background It is now well established that persistent nonsynaptic neuronal plasticity occurs
after learning and, like synaptic plasticity, it can be the substrate for long-term memory. What …

Aplysia feeding is striking in that it is executed with a great deal of plasticity. At least in part,
this flexibility is a result of the organization of the feeding neural network. To illustrate this …

Growing evidence suggests that different forms of complex motor acts are constructed
through flexible combinations of a small number of modules in interneuronal networks. It …

Previously, an analog of operant conditioning in Aplysia was developed using the rhythmic
motor activity in the isolated buccal ganglia. This analog expressed a key feature of operant …

Considerable research has focused on issues pertaining to sensorimotor integration, but in
most systems precise information remains unavailable regarding the specific pathways by …

Sensory neurons enable neural circuits to generate behaviors appropriate for the current
environmental situation. Here, we characterize the actions of a population (about 60) of …

Animals exhibit remarkable feats of behavioral flexibility and multifunctional control that
remain challenging for robotic systems. The neural and morphological basis of …