Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a spectrum of disease phenotypes
which start with simple steatosis and lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes-a typical …

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough
or effectively use of insulin. Compared with individuals without diabetes, patients with type 2 …

Metabolic and immune systems are among the most fundamental requirements for survival.
Many metabolic and immune response pathways or nutrient-and pathogen-sensing systems …

Highly potent, but poorly water-soluble, drug candidates are common outcomes of
contemporary drug discovery programmes and present a number of challenges to drug …

In obesity and type 2 diabetes, expression of the GLUT4 glucose transporter is decreased
selectively in adipocytes. Adipose-specific Glut4 (also known as Slc2a4) knockout (adipose …

Docking is a computational technique that samples conformations of small molecules in
protein binding sites; scoring functions are used to assess which of these conformations best …

Catalase is an important antioxidant enzyme that dismutates hydrogen peroxide into water
and molecular oxygen. The catalase gene has all the characteristics of a housekeeping …

Macrophage infiltration and activation in metabolic tissues underlie obesity-induced insulin
resistance and type 2 diabetes. While inflammatory activation of resident hepatic …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors belonging to
the superfamily of nuclear receptors. Three isoforms (α, δ, and γ) have been described. They …

Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have profound effects on brain development
and function. Abnormalities of PUFA status have been implicated in neuropsychiatric …