Background Lignin, nature's dominant aromatic polymer, is found in most terrestrial plants in
the approximate range of 15 to 40% dry weight and provides structural integrity …

Lignin is highly branched phenolic polymer and accounts 15–30% by weight of
lignocellulosic biomass (LCBM). The acceptable molecular structure of lignin is composed …

With rapidly increased interests in biomass, diverse chemical and biological processes have
been applied for biomass utilization. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis has been …

The analysis of chemical structural characteristics of biorefinery product streams (such as
lignin and tannin) has advanced substantially over the past decade, with traditional wet …

Understanding plant cell wall cross-linking chemistry and polymeric architecture is key to the
efficient utilization of biomass in all prospects from rational genetic modification to …

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) enables simultaneous spatial mapping for diverse
molecules in biological tissues. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass …

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is a rapidly developing
technique for the characterization of a wide range of materials. Recently, advances in …

Many spectral responses in materials science, physics, and chemistry experiments can be
characterized as resulting from the superposition of a number of more basic individual …

Lignin is an abundant phenylpropanoid polymer produced by the oxidative polymerization of
p‐hydroxycinnamyl alcohols (monolignols). Lignification, ie, deposition of lignin, is a …

Plant biomass recalcitrance, a major obstacle to achieving sustainable production of second
generation biofuels, arises mainly from the amorphous cell-wall matrix containing lignin and …