The past decade has witnessed ongoing progress in precision medicine to improve human
health. As an emerging diagnostic technique, liquid biopsy can provide real-time …

Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are
natural biopolymers composed of nucleotides that store, transmit, and express genetic …

The advent of SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment)
technology has shown the ability to evolve artificial ligands with affinity and specificity able to …

Abstract 'Smart'bioresponsive materials that are sensitive to biological signals or to
pathological abnormalities, and interact with or are actuated by them, are appealing …

Isothermal amplification of nucleic acids is a simple process that rapidly and efficiently
accumulates nucleic acid sequences at constant temperature. Since the early 1990s …

Exosomes constitute an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis because they carry
multiple proteins that reflect the origins of parent cells. Assessing exosome surface proteins …

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic environment that constantly provides physical
and chemical cues to embedded cells. Much progress has been made in engineering …

The early detection of cancer can significantly reduce cancer mortality and saves lives. Thus,
a great deal of effort has been devoted to the exploration of new technologies to detect early …

Accurate and high throughput cell sorting is a critical enabling technology in molecular and
cellular biology, biotechnology, and medicine. While conventional methods can provide high …

Functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including DNA aptamers and DNAzymes, are finding
increasing use as molecular recognition elements for point-of-care (POC) assays and …