Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a stromal cell population with cell-of-origin,
phenotypic and functional heterogeneity, are the most essential components of the tumor …

Exosomes play a role as mediators of cell-to-cell communication, thus exhibiting pleiotropic
activities to homeostasis regulation. Exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly …

Abstract The international American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International
Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system provides the …

Colorectal cancer has served as a genetic and biological paradigm for the evolution of solid
tumors, and these insights have illuminated early detection, risk stratification, prevention …

Abstract Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has demonstrated clinical benefit
for a wide range of cancer types. Because only a subset of patients experience clinical …

Tumor Associated Neutrophils (TANs) are engaged into the tumor microenvironment by
cytokines and chemokines, can be distinguished according to their activation and cytokine …

The role and importance of neutrophils in cancer has become increasingly apparent over
the past decade. Neutrophils accumulate in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer …

Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. The process involves a
complex interplay between intrinsic tumor cell properties as well as interactions between …

Simple Summary The relationship between the immune system and tumours is currently one
of the most studied topics in the field of cancer. Previously, it was thought that a tumour could …

Background Deciphering intra‐and inter‐tumoural heterogeneity is essential for
understanding the biology of gastric cancer (GC) and its metastasis and identifying effective …