The pancreas is made from two distinct components: the exocrine pancreas, a reservoir of
digestive enzymes, and the endocrine islets, the source of the vital metabolic hormone …

Background Plasma insulin levels are predominantly the product of the morphological mass
of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and the functional …

Clinical and pathophysiological studies have shown type 2 diabetes to be a condition mainly
caused by excess, yet reversible, fat accumulation in the liver and pancreas. Within the liver …

Pregnant women undergo profound anatomical and physiological changes so that they can
cope with the increased physical and metabolic demands of their pregnancies. The …

For patients with type 1 diabetes, it is accepted among the scientific community that there is
a marked reduction in β-cell mass; however, with type 2 diabetes, there is disagreement as …

metabolic control by either bariatric surgery or hypocaloric diet allows for the time sequence
of underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms to be observed. In reverse order, the same …

Diabetes is the result of having inadequate supply of functional insulin-producing β cells.
Two possible approaches for replenishing the β cells are:(1) replacement by transplanting …

Sex differences in obesity-induced complications such as type 2 diabetes have been
reported. The aim of the study was to pinpoint the mechanisms resulting in different outcome …

Diabetes results from the inability of pancreatic islets to maintain blood glucose
concentrations within a normal physiological range. Clinical features are usually not …

The extensive metabolic demands of pregnancy require specific physiological and
anatomical changes. These changes affect almost all organ systems, including the …