Stress in teleosts is an increasingly studied topic because of its interaction with growth,
reproduction, immune system and ultimately fitness of the animal. Whether it is for evaluating …

Ecological and medical researchers are investing great effort to determine the role of M
aternally‐D erived S tress (MDS) as an inducer of phenotypic plasticity in offspring. Many …

Chronic activation of the stress axis caused by long‐term uncontrollable and unpredictable
factors in the environment has been regarded as causing maladaptive and/or pathological …

1. Why Do We Measure Stress? 2. Quantifying Stress 3. Specific Measures of Fish Stress
3.1. Cellular and Molecular Indicators 3.2. Primary and Secondary Physiological Indicators …

Although mothers influence the traits of their offspring in many ways beyond the
transmission of genes, it remains unclear how important such 'maternal effects' are to …

The maternal environment exerts important influences on offspring mass/growth,
metabolism, reproduction, neurobiology, immune function, and behavior among birds …

In this perspective paper, we emphasize the importance that integrative mechanisms, and
especially the GC (glucocorticoid) stress response, can play in the ability of vertebrates to …

Fluctuations in abiotic and biotic conditions exist in almost all habitats (Dunlap, Loros, &
DeCoursey, 2004; Stevenson et al., 2015). Some fluctuations like the alternation between …

The concept of stress is notoriously difficult to define, despite its ubiquity in both common
parlance and the scientific literature. Given the clear importance of understanding how …

This article reviews the evidence for theoretical models postulating that early adversity can
set in motion a deleterious developmental cascade, involving changes in hypothalamic …