Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) systems have garnered recent widespread
attention due to increased accessibility, functionality, and affordability. These systems sense …

Sensory feedback from touch is critical for many tasks carried out by robots and humans,
such as grasping objects or identifying materials. Electronic skin (e-skin) is a crucial …

The sense of touch is underused in today's virtual reality systems due to lack of wearable,
soft, mm‐scale transducers to generate dynamic mechanical stimulus on the skin. Extremely …

Head‐mounted displays for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) allow users to
see highly realistic virtual worlds. The wearable haptics that enable feeling and touching …

The majority of virtual reality (VR) applications rely on audiovisual stimuli and do not exploit
the addition of other sensory cues that could increase the potential of VR. This systematic …

Haptic technology involves the use of electrical or mechanical means to stimulate afferent
nerves or mechanoreceptors in the skin as the basis for creating sensations of physical …

With advances in mobile computing and virtual/augmented reality technologies,
communicating through touch using wearable haptic devices is poised to enrich and …

BACKGROUND Virtual reality (VR)-based surgical simulation is an expanding and rapidly
advancing modality which aims to serve the increasing demand to acquire surgical skills …

In the last decade, several new haptic devices have been developed, contributing to the
definition of more realistic virtual environments. An overview of this topic requires a …

Human haptic perception system is complex, involving both cutaneous and kinesthetic
receptors. These receptors work together and enable human to perceive the external world …