The design of institutions that maximizes water's beneficial use in the face of growing
demands for scarce and random supplies is the central policy issue in dry places …

This article develops a framework for environmental policy analysis based on an
encompassing assessment of transaction costs. This approach emphasizes the ex ante …

Policy choice and policy design need to take account of transaction costs in order to
increase the efficiency and sustainability of policies. However, transaction costs must first be …

There is a growing literature reporting the extent of transaction costs for environmental
policies. However understanding why transaction costs occur and why they are small or …

Understanding why farmers over‐apply fertilizer is essential to designing effective agro‐
environmental policy. If farmers are simply inefficient, possibilities exist for simultaneously …

Recent changes in European agri-environmental policy allow farmers' transaction costs
(TCs), also called private TCs, to be taken into account when calculating compensation …

In addition to supplying food and fiber, agriculture is a source of public goods and
externalities. This article addresses two questions. First, do price and income support …

Policy related transaction costs (TCs) is an important issue when evaluating different policy
options. However, TCs are often not taken into account in policy evaluations, but may be as …

Environmental policy instruments generate transaction costs to public and private parties.
There is a growing literature reporting on the size of transaction costs produced by …

Nitrogen (N) pollution is emerging as one of the most important environmental issues of the
21st Century, contributing to air and water pollution, climate change, and stratospheric …