There is growing recognition of the problem of male bias in neuroscience research,
including in the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI) where fewer women than men are …

Anxiety is a common complaint following acquired traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the
measurement of dysfunctional anxiety behavioral states following experimental TBI in …

The activation of resident microglial cells, alongside the infiltration of peripheral
macrophages, are key neuroinflammatory responses to traumatic brain injury (TBI) that are …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The innate and
adaptive immune responses play an important role in the pathogenesis of TBI. Gamma-delta …

The inflammatory response to moderate-severe controlled cortical impact (CCI) in adult male
mice has been shown to exhibit greater glial activation compared with age-matched female …

The elevated plus maze (EPM) and elevated zero maze (EZM) are behavioral tests that are
widely employed to assess anxiety-like behaviors in rats and mice following experimental …

Survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) often develop chronic neurological, neurocognitive,
psychological, and psychosocial deficits that can have a profound impact on an individual's …

The endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system regulates a diverse array of
physiological processes and unsurprisingly possesses considerable potential targets for the …

Background Disruptions of brain-gut axis have been implicated in the progression of a
variety of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and central nervous system (CNS) diseases and …

Closed-head traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide concern with increasing prevalence
and cost to society. Rotational acceleration is a primary mechanism in TBI that results from …