The African Economic Outlook is the only annual report that monitors in detail the economic
performance of 53 individual countries on the continent, using a strictly comparable …

Do firms adjust wages in response to changes in their own demand level or to changes in
competitive pressure from rival employers? We study how exporters adjust wages in …

This paper discusses theoretical aspects and evidences related to designing labor market
institutions in emerging market and developing economies. This note reviews the state of …

This survey highlights the key results of the empirical literature concerning the costs of
flexibility enhancing reforms in product and labour markets. The documented costs include …

Sectoral contracts in many European countries set wage floors for different occupation
groups. In addition, employers often pay a wage premium (or wage cushion) to individual …

We investigate the mechanisms that shape the gender wage gap in Portugal and provide a
clear measure of the impact of the allocation of workers to firms and jobs. We find that one …

How much do employees' wages directly reflect their employer's labor demand, rather than
competition from other employers in the labor market? We test the wage incidence of …

How do firm‐level collective agreements affect firm performance in a multi‐level bargaining
system? Using detailed Belgian‐linked employer–employee panel data, our findings show …

This paper proposes novel natural language methods to measure worker rights from
collective bargaining agreements (CBAs) for use in empirical economic analysis. Applying …

South European labour markets have gone through a substantial level of downward
adjustment in wages (internal devaluation) and liberalisation in the aftermath of the …