Formal methods to comply with rules of the road in autonomous driving: State of the art and grand challenges

N Mehdipour, M Althoff, RD Tebbens, C Belta - Automatica, 2023 - Elsevier
We provide a review of recent work on formal methods for autonomous driving. Formal
methods have been traditionally used to specify and verify the behavior of computer …

Formalization of intersection traffic rules in temporal logic

S Maierhofer, P Moosbrugger… - 2022 IEEE Intelligent …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Intersections are difficult to navigate for both human drivers and autonomous vehicles
because several diverse traffic rules must be considered. In addition, current traffic rules are …

Fail-safe motion planning for online verification of autonomous vehicles using convex optimization

C Pek, M Althoff - IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Safe motion planning for autonomous vehicles is a challenging task, since the exact future
motion of other traffic participant is usually unknown. In this article, we present a verification …

Formalization of interstate traffic rules in temporal logic

S Maierhofer, AK Rettinger, EC Mayer… - 2020 IEEE Intelligent …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
To allow autonomous vehicles to safely participate in traffic and to avoid liability claims for
car manufacturers, autonomous vehicles must obey traffic rules. However, current traffic …

Formalising and monitoring traffic rules for autonomous vehicles in Isabelle/HOL

A Rizaldi, J Keinholz, M Huber, J Feldle… - … Formal Methods: 13th …, 2017 - Springer
Recent accidents involving autonomous vehicles prompt us to consider how we can
engineer an autonomous vehicle which always obeys traffic rules. This is particularly …

Adaptive cruise control with safety guarantees for autonomous vehicles

S Magdici, M Althoff - IFAC-PapersOnLine, 2017 - Elsevier
This paper addresses the problem of following a vehicle with varying acceleration in a
comfortable and safe manner. Our architecture consists of a nominal controller (here: model …

Formalizing traffic rules for machine interpretability

K Esterle, L Gressenbuch… - 2020 IEEE 3rd Connected …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Autonomous vehicles need to be designed to abide by the same rules that humans follow.
This is challenging, because traffic rules are fuzzy and not well defined, making them …

Semantic traffic law adaptive decision-making for self-driving vehicles

J Liu, H Wang, Z Cao, W Yu, C Zhao… - IEEE Transactions …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Facts proved that obeying traffic laws keeps the promise to promote the safety of self-driving
vehicles. Current self-driving vehicles usually have fixed algorithms during autonomous …

Verifying the safety of lane change maneuvers of self-driving vehicles based on formalized traffic rules

C Pek, P Zahn, M Althoff - 2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles …, 2017 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Validating the safety of self-driving vehicles requires an enormous amount of testing. By
applying formal verification methods, we can prove the correctness of the vehicles' behavior …

Computationally efficient safety falsification of adaptive cruise control systems

M Koschi, C Pek, S Maierhofer… - 2019 IEEE Intelligent …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Falsification aims to disprove the safety of systems by providing counter-examples that lead
to a violation of safety properties. In this work, we present two novel falsification methods to …