The ecology of fear concerns the population-, community-, and ecosystem-level
consequences of the behavioral interactions between predators and prey, ie, the aggregate …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that develops in a proportion
of individuals following a traumatic event. Despite recent advances, ethical limitations …

Predator‐induced stress has been used to exemplify the concept of stress for close to a
century because almost everyone can imagine the terror of fleeing for one's life from a lion or …

Chronic activation of the stress axis caused by long‐term uncontrollable and unpredictable
factors in the environment has been regarded as causing maladaptive and/or pathological …

The fear (perceived predation risk) large carnivores inspire in mesocarnivores can affect
ecosystem structure and function, and loss of the “landscape of fear” large carnivores create …

Fear of predation is a universal motivator. Because predators hunt using stealth and
surprise, there is a widespread ability among prey to assess risk from chemical information …

When prey animals detect the odor of a predator a constellation of fear-related autonomic,
endocrine, and behavioral responses rapidly occur to facilitate survival. How olfactory …

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic introduced an abrupt change
in human behavior globally. Here, we discuss unique insights the pandemic has provided …

Neophobia, the fear of novel stimuli, plays a major role in animal ecology. Here, we review
studies on predator neophobia and explore its underlying patterns within an ecological …

Stress is ubiquitous and thus, not surprisingly, many hypotheses and models have been
created to better study the role stress plays in life. Stress spans fields and is found in the …