Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of
Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and …

• The specific situation of the patient. Unless otherwise provided for by national regulations,
off-label use of medication should be limited to situations where it is in the patient's interest …

Despite continuing efforts during the last decades, there is no 'ideal prosthetic valve
substitute'. Every valve prosthesis invokes new pathophysiological processes, including the …

Infective endocarditis is defined by a focus of infection within the heart and is a feared
disease across the field of cardiology. It is frequently acquired in the health care setting, and …

Biofilm is complex and consists of bacterial colonies that reside in an exopolysaccharide
matrix that attaches to foreign surfaces in a living organism. Biofilm frequently leads to …

Importance Infective endocarditis occurs in approximately 15 of 100 000 people in the
United States and has increased in incidence. Clinicians must make treatment decisions …

In the 16 years since the first pioneering procedure, transcatheter aortic valve implantation
(TAVI) has come of age and become a routine strategy for aortic valve replacement …

Background: Delayed coronary obstruction (DCO) is an uncommon and barely reported
complication following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Objectives: The aim of …

Pacemaker-related infections remain a constant concern due to increased risk of patient
morbidity and mortality. Although transvenous pacemakers are expected to have an …

Abstract Purpose of the Review Infective endocarditis (IE) is a relatively infrequent infectious
disease. It does, however, causes serious morbidity, and its mortality rate has remained …