While, during several decades, unfavourable trends in mortality were quite similar in Central
Europe and in the former USSR, in the most recent years, these two parts of Europe are …

Introduction commentator on population health, viewing the global situation as it was in the
early 1970s, could have been forgiven for concluding that the second half of the twentieth …

This paper examines and demonstrates the importance of the adult modal age at death (M)
in longevity research. Unlike life expectancy at birth (e₀) and median age at death, M is …

After a period of general convergence, the 1960s were marked by the divergence between
the life expectancies of eastern European countries, where all progress came to a halt, and …

In the most advanced countries, child mortality and adult mortality under age 65 years have
fallen so low that further improvement in life expectancy relies almost completely on the …

While regional mortality inequalities in Germany tend to be relatively stable in the short run,
over the course of the past century marked changes have occurred in the country's regional …

A large gap in health conditions has prevailed around the world for many decades.
According to the United Nations estimates, in 2005–2010 life expectancy at birth ranged …

BACKGROUND For allocation of health budgets it is important to know whether regional
mortality differences tend to decline or to increase. Sigma convergence tests can measure …

The Ukraine faced two very different kinds of health crises during the twentieth century. First,
in the 1930s and 1940s, famine, war and political upheaval caused massive population …

Human populations have always searched for ways to ward off disease and death, but it was
only after many thousands of years that they first became truly effective at reducing famines …