The physics of proton therapy has advanced considerably since it was proposed in 1946.
Today analytical equations and numerical simulation methods are available to predict and …

Understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in the induction of biological damage
by ionizing radiation remains a major challenge of today's radiobiology research. The Monte …

G eant 4 is a software toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. It is
used by a large number of experiments and projects in a variety of application domains …

Charged particle therapy has been largely driven and influenced by nuclear physics. The
increase in energy deposition density along the ion path in the body allows reducing the …

In this paper, the authors' review the applicability of the open‐source GATE Monte Carlo
simulation platform based on the GEANT4 toolkit for radiation therapy and dosimetry …

Purpose This paper covers recent developments and applications of the TOPAS TOol for
PArticle Simulation and presents the approaches used to disseminate TOPAS. Materials and …

Proton therapy treatments are currently planned and delivered using the assumption that the
proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) relative to photons is 1.1. This assumption …

Background Geant4 is a Monte Carlo code extensively used in medical physics for a wide
range of applications, such as dosimetry, micro‐and nanodosimetry, imaging, radiation …

Enhancement of radiation effects by high-atomic number nanoparticles (NPs) has been
increasingly studied for its potential to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy. The underlying …

FLASH radiotherapy (RT) is a novel technique in which the ultrahigh dose rate (UHDR)(≥
40 Gy/s) is delivered to the entire treatment volume. Recent outcomes of in vivo studies …