This paper reports findings from the first systematic review of protocol studies focusing
specifically on conceptual design cognition, aiming to answer the following research …

All design is influenced by previous exposure to ideas in different formats and in different
levels of abstraction. This paper introduces refined methods to represent and analyze the …

Abstract Design and design thinking are vital to creativity and innovation, and have become
increasingly important in the current movement of developing and implementing integrated …

BACKGROUND Design experiences play a crucial role in undergraduate engineering
education and are increasingly important in K–12 settings. There are few efforts to …

A principal outcome of a research project at the Royal College of Art on 'Design in General
Education'was the statement of a belief in a missing 'third area'of education. The two already …

How Designers Think is based on Bryan Lawson's many observations of designers at work,
interviews with designers and their clients and collaborators. This extended work is the …

Empirical data on design processes were obtained from a set of protocol studies of nine
experienced industrial designers, whose designs were evaluated on overall quality and on a …

Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into
existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be …

Each chapter deals with a different technique from which we can best represent and make
explicit the forms of knowledge used by designers. The book explores whether design …

HCI Models, Theories, and Frameworks provides a thorough pedagological survey of the
science of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). HCI spans many disciplines and professions …