For over half a century, male rodents have been the default model organism in preclinical
neuroscience research, a convention that has likely contributed to higher rates of …

This Perspective reviews recent findings in placebo hypoalgesia and provides a conceptual
account of how expectations and experience can lead to placebo hypoalgesia. In particular …

For over 30 years, scientists have been investigating the phenomenon of pain suppression
upon exposure to unconditioned or conditioned stressful stimuli, commonly known as stress …

The major functions of the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG), including pain and
analgesia, fear and anxiety, vocalization, lordosis and cardiovascular control are considered …

The mammalian central nervous system possesses well-defined networks that modulate
nociceptive transmission. The most extensively studied are the networks that underlie …

The third edition of this monograph continues to have the goal of providing an overview of
current thought about the spinal cord mechanisms that are responsible for sensory …

Converging lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of pain is mediated to a
substantial degree via allostatic neuroadaptations in reward-and stress-related brain …

Neurons of the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) have been implicated in the modulation
of nociceptive transmission. In order to further analyze their role in pain behavior, we studied …

Exercise-induced analgesia is a phenomenon discussed worldwide. This effect began to be
investigated in the early 1970s in healthy individuals and rodents during and after an acute …

A review of pharmacological, neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, and behavioral data
indicates that systems controlling cardiovascular function are closely coupled to systems …