Influenza viruses usually cause seasonal influenza epidemics and influenza pandemics,
resulting in acute respiratory illness and, in severe cases, multiple organ complications and …

Summary Avian influenza A H5N1 viruses have caused many, typically severe, human
infections since the first human case was reported in 1997. However, no comprehensive …

In 2016, the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus was detected in wild birds
for the first time in Egypt. In the present study, we identified the HPAI virus H5N8 of clade 2.3 …

H5N1, a highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1 HPAI), is an endemic disease that is
significant for public health in Egypt. Live bird markets (LBM s) are widespread in Egypt and …

Outbreaks caused by the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N8 subtype
clade 2.3. 4.4 were first reported in 2014 in South Korea then spread very rapidly in Asia, to …

Background Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are
widely distributed within poultry populations in Egypt and have caused multiple human …

The LPAI viruses of H9N2 subtype became widely distributed in Middle Eastern countries,
causing great economic losses in poultry industry especially when complicated with other …

The H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses that emerged in China in 1996 have
circulated and evolved for 18 years. They have caused severe losses for poultry producers …

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and zonal distribution of Salmonella
serotypes in poultry and to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype are enzootic in
poultry populations in different parts of the world, and have caused numerous human …