Mitochondria are well known as organelles responsible for the maintenance of cellular
bioenergetics through the production of ATP. Although oxidative phosphorylation may be …

Sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to an infection that leads to organ dysfunction.
Knowledge of the pathophysiology of organ failure in sepsis is crucial for optimizing the …

Sepsis and septic shock are among the leading causes of death in intensive care units
worldwide. Numerous studies on their pathophysiology have revealed an imbalance in the …

Deciphering the origins of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases remains elusive
with reliance on therapies aimed at halting inflammation in its tracks. In recent years, an …

Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (Mlkl) was recently found to interact with receptor
interacting protein 3 (Rip3) and to be essential for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced …

Sepsis is a serious clinical condition that represents a patient's response to a severe
infection and has a very high mortality rate. Normal immune and physiologic responses …

Chloride is the principal anion in the extracellular fluid and is the second main contributor to
plasma tonicity. Its concentration is frequently abnormal in intensive care unit patients, often …

Sepsis is triggered by microbial infection, injury, or even major surgery. Both innate and
adaptive immune systems are involved in its pathogenesis. Cytoplasmic presence of DNA or …

We have recently highlighted (and added to) the considerable evidence that blood can
contain dormant bacteria. By definition, such bacteria may be resuscitated (and thus …

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host's malfunctioning response
to infection. Due to its high mortality rate and medical cost, sepsis remains one of the world's …