New Findings What is the topic of this review? The manuscript collectively combines the
experimental observations from> 100 publications focusing on the regulation of cerebral …

In most daily activities related to work or leisure, the energy for muscle work substantially
comes from oxidative metabolism. Functional limitations or impairments of this metabolism …

Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its distribution are highly sensitive to changes in the partial
pressure of arterial CO2 (PaCO2). This physiological response, termed cerebrovascular …

Cellular hypoxia is the common final pathway of brain injury that occurs not just after
asphyxia, but also when cerebral perfusion is impaired directly (eg, embolic stroke) or …

We conducted a systematic review and meta-regression analysis to quantify effects of
exercise on brain hemodynamics measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The …

Blood flow (BF) increases with increasing exercise intensity in skeletal, respiratory, and
cardiac muscle. In humans during maximal exercise intensities, 85% to 90% of total cardiac …

The assessment of physiological changes associated with brain activity has become
possible by optical methods, such as near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). NIRS is a useful …

Regular exercise improves the age-related decline in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and is
associated with improved cognitive function; however, less is known about the direct …

Molecular oxygen (O2) is a vital element in human survival and plays a major role in a
diverse range of biological and physiological processes. Although normobaric hyperoxia …

Exercise is a uniquely effective and pluripotent medicine against several noncommunicable
diseases of westernised lifestyles, including protection against neurodegenerative …