Although genetic susceptibility explains the clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) cases within
families and the sharp decline in risk with increasing genetic distance, it cannot fully explain …

Superantigens (SAgs) are the most powerful T cell mitogens ever discovered.
Concentrations of less than 0· 1 pg/ml of a bacterial superantigen are sufficient to stimulate …

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a febrile pediatric inflammatory
disease that may develop weeks after initial SARS-CoV-2 infection or exposure. MIS-C …

In addition to triggering the activation of B-or T-cell antigen receptors, the binding of a ligand
to its receptor at the cell surface can sometimes determine the physiological outcome of …

▪ Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) provides one of the most informative systems with which
to study cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in humans. The virus establishes a highly …

The relationship between infections and autoimmunity as well as the risk of infections due to
antirheumatic agents, including corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and biologics, are …

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus which infects almost all of the world's
population subclinically during childhood and thereafter remains in the body for life. The …

▪ Abstract Superantigens (SAGs) are a class of immunostimulatory and disease-causing
proteins of bacterial or viral origin with the ability to activate large fractions (5–20%) of the T …

Superantigens (SAgs) are proteins produced by pathogenic microbes to elicit potent,
antigen-independent T cell responses that are believed to enhance the microbes' …

Microbial superantigens (SAGs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human
autoimmune diseases. Preferential expansion of the Vβ7 T cell receptor positive T cell …