Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …

Available information and potential data gaps for non-fish marine organisms (cnidarians,
crustaceans, echinoderms, molluscs, sponges, mammals, reptiles, and seabirds) covered by …

Previous studies have shown that multiple-environmental stressors are expected to have
significant and geographically differential impacts on the health and abundance of marine …

Ecological networks, such as food webs, mutualist webs and host–parasite webs, are
reorganizing as species abundances and spatial distributions shift in response to …

Ecosystem regime shifts can alter ecosystem services, affect human well-being, and trigger
policy conflicts due to economic losses and reductions in societal and environmental …

In the last century, large watersheds in Southern Europe have been impacted by a
combination of anthropogenic and climatic pressures, which have rapidly evolved to change …

To effectively future-proof the management of the European Union fishing fleets we have
explored a suite of case studies encompassing the northeast and tropical Atlantic, the …

Background The Black Sea is one of the most anthropogenically disturbed marine
ecosystems in the world because of introduced species, fisheries overexploitation, nutrient …

Cumulative human pressures and climate change can induce nonlinear discontinuous
dynamics in ecosystems, known as regime shifts. Regime shifts typically imply hysteresis, a …

The planetary boundaries framework defined safe limits to human impacts on essential
Earth-system processes. Subsequent assessments concluded that impacts exceed most …