We identify several ongoing debates related to implicit measures, surveying prominent
views and considerations in each. First, we summarize the debate regarding whether …

Early research on implicit attitudes and implicit biases emphasized the “direct-ness” of the
link between apparent triggers of those attitudes and behavior. For example, John Bargh …

Often machine learning programs inherit social patterns reflected in their training data
without any directed effort by programmers to include such biases. Computer scientists call …

What is the status of research on implicit bias? In light of meta‐analyses revealing ostensibly
low average correlations between implicit measures and behavior, as well as various other …

Scholars, journalists, and activists working on climate change often distinguish between
“individual” and “structural” approaches to decarbonization. The former concern choices …

From an early age, humans exhibit a tendency to identify, adopt, and enforce the norms of
their local communities. Norms are the social rules that mark out what is appropriate …

Research programs in empirical psychology over the past few decades have led scholars to
posit implicit biases. This is due to the development of innovative behavioural measures that …

Slips of the tongue, unwitting favoritism, and stereotyped assumptions are just some
examples of microaggression. Nearly all of us commit microaggressions at some point, even …

Some of the most problematic human behaviors involve vices of the mind such as
arrogance, closed-mindedness, dogmatism, gullibility, and intellectual cowardice, as well as …

What is a bias? Standard philosophical views of both implicit and explicit bias focus this
question on the representations one harbours, for example, stereotypes or implicit attitudes …