The second near-infrared window (NIR-II window), which ranges from 1000 to 1700 nm in
wavelength, exhibits distinctive advantages of reduced light scattering and thus deep …

Advances in microscopy and molecular strategies have allowed researchers to gain insight
into the intricate organization of the mammalian brain and the roles that neurons play in …

Neural circuitry is typically modulated via invasive brain implants and tethered optical fibres
in restrained animals. Here we show that wide-field illumination in the second near-infrared …

Among physical stimulation modalities, magnetism has clear advantages, such as deep
penetration and untethered interventions in biological subjects. However, some of the …

Advances in the design and synthesis of nanomaterials with desired biophysicochemical
properties can be harnessed to develop non‐invasive neuromodulation technologies. Here …

Definition Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have great potential in various areas such as
medicine, cancer therapy and diagnostics, biosensing, and material science. In particular …

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has long been used to alleviate symptoms in patients suffering
from psychiatric and neurological disorders through stereotactically implanted electrodes …

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) are among the first generation of nanomaterials
that have advanced to clinic use. A broad range of biomedical techniques have been …

Precisely timed activation of genetically targeted cells is a powerful tool for the study of
neural circuits and control of cell-based therapies. Magnetic control of cell activity, or …

Labeling stem cells with magnetic nanoparticles is a promising technique for in vivo tracking
and magnetic targeting of transplanted stem cells, which is critical for improving the …