Multi-species biofilm communities are environments in which complex but ill understood
exchanges between bacteria occur. Although monospecies cultures are still widely used in …

Current microbial inhibition strategies based on planktonic bacterial physiology have been
known to have limited efficacy on the growth of biofilm communities. This problem can be …

Submucosal glands contribute to airway surface liquid (ASL), a film that protects all airway
surfaces. Glandular mucus comprises electrolytes, water, the gel-forming mucin MUC5B …

Lung infections caused by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa can
present as a spectrum of clinical entities from a rapidly fatal pneumonia in a neutropenic …

The formation of surface-attached cellular agglomerates, the so-called biofilms, contributes
significantly to bacterial resistance to antibiotics and innate host defenses. Bacterial biofilms …

Biofilms are intricate multicellular structures created by microorganisms on living (biotic) or
nonliving (abiotic) surfaces. Medically, biofilms often lead to persistent infections, increased …

Biofilms are multicellular microbial aggregates that can be associated with host mucosal
epithelia in the airway, gut, and genitourinary tract. The host environment plays a critical role …

Host defense peptides (HDPs) are important effector molecules of the innate immune system
of vertebrates. These antimicrobial peptides are also present in invertebrates, plants and …

There has been considerable investigation of host-microbial interactions in patients with
chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in hopes of elucidating mechanisms of disease and better …

The development of oral biofilms and the host response to biofilm bacteria and their toxins
are important factors in the development of periodontal disease. An early component of the …