Phosphoinositides are signalling lipids derived from phosphatidylinositol, a ubiquitous
phospholipid in the cytoplasmic leaflet of eukaryotic membranes. Initially discovered for their …

Abstract Overactive phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) in cancer and immune dysregulation
has spurred extensive efforts to develop therapeutic PI3K inhibitors. Although progress has …

Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells play a key role in the elimination of intracellular infections and
malignant cells and can provide long-term protective immunity. In the response to infection …

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells therapy has revolutionized the treatment
paradigms for hematological malignancies, with multi-line therapy-refractory patients …

Abstract Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)
signaling is one of the most important intracellular pathways, which can be considered as a …

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth
factor receptors, and elevated PI3K signaling is considered a hallmark of cancer. Many PI3K …

The discovery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) changed the molecular understanding of how the
immune system is controlled. IL-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine, and dissecting the signaling …

PI3Ks are a family of lipid kinases that phosphorylate intracellular inositol lipids to regulate
signalling and intracellular vesicular traffic. Mammals have eight isoforms of PI3K, divided …

The antitumour activity of endogenous or adoptively transferred tumour-specific T cells is
highly dependent on their differentiation status. It is now apparent that less differentiated T …

B cell receptor (BCR) signalling is crucial for normal B cell development and adaptive
immunity. BCR signalling also supports the survival and growth of malignant B cells in …